Reinraumbau-Konzepte

Stages of Cleanroom Construction
Building out a cleanroom and adjacent environments is a multi-stage construction process and particular protocols must be maintained at each stage of the construction to ensure the integrity of the cleanroom. The stages are:

• Stage 0 – Regular Construction
• Stage 1 – Clean Construction
• Stage 2 – Pre Cleanroom Construction
• Stage 3 – Active Cleanroom Construction

The Stage 0 phase of construction is what most contractors are used to, but in the context of a cleanroom special attention should be paid to housekeeping in order to set the tone for cleanliness. This means workers should apply standard good housekeeping practices and complete daily and hourly clean-ups. At this stage there are no material restrictions and standard personal protective equipment, such as hard hats, safety glasses and vests, should be used. Workers should take care to protect building materials as well. During this phase, make every effort to complete all drywall work before the first stage of actual clean construction begins.

During Stage 1, cleanliness begins to take on more importance. Conduct daily and hourly cleanups using vacuums and start using a daily cleaning service. There should be no unnecessary trash or debris in the cleanroom area and you should use multiple rugs as well as sticky mats to prevent dirt from entering. This is also the stage when you begin to conduct particle counts.

In Stage 2, control and limit access to the cleanroom area and establish a smock room/airlock for entry/exit with an air cleaner. Workers must wear booties in the area and use sticky mats on floors. There should be no wood, cardboard or paper allowed in the area. A HEPA vacuum is required for cleanup after all cutting/drilling in the cleanroom and the air systems should be on, but not the filter fan units.

Stage 3 is for punching and finishing details and is the most restrictive. It includes all the precautions of Stage Two, plus several additional steps. Workers must use a designated smock room and have limited access at this stage. Before entering the cleanroom, workers must be fully smocked, including wearing lab coats or coveralls, hair/beard nets, booties and gloves. In addition to operating the make-up air system during this phase, the recirculation air system should also be employed to continuously clean the air.

Cleanroom Construction Costs
Die Erfüllung aller spezifischen Anforderungen an einen Reinraum führt zu höheren Baukosten, die jedoch je nach Art des Reinraums variieren, wobei die engsten, restriktivsten Räume am teuersten sind. Im Durchschnitt reicht die Preisspanne für Reinräume von $1.000 pro Quadratmeter für einen Raum der Klasse 1 bis zu unter $200 pro Quadratmeter für einen Raum der Klasse 100.000.

Beim Bau eines Reinraums ist es wichtig, dass man sich von dem Prozess nicht einschüchtern lässt. Letztendlich handelt es sich immer noch um eine Konstruktion. Wenn man sich an die Pläne und Spezifikationen hält und die Richtlinien für jede Phase beachtet, kann der Bau eines Reinraums erfolgreich und mit wenigen Problemen durchgeführt werden. Um den Prozess zu vereinfachen, sollten Sie daran denken, dass die Bauvorbereitung besonders wichtig ist, also frühzeitig einen detaillierten Zeitplan erstellen und die Beschaffung sorgfältig verwalten. Kommunizieren Sie den Bauzeitplan klar und deutlich an alle Beteiligten, damit alle auf dem gleichen Stand sind. Seien Sie auf Unvorhergesehenes vorbereitet, denn die Dinge werden sich ändern, also seien Sie flexibel und anpassungsfähig.

Understanding the specific standards and guidelines that must be followed is essential to the success of any cleanroom construction process. This blog series on cleanroom design and construction serves as an introduction to the process by highlighting some of the important elements to focus on when undertaking a cleanroom project.