洁净室建造流程

Building out a cleanroom and adjacent environments is a multi-stage construction process and particular protocols must be maintained at each stage of the construction to insure the integrity of the cleanroom. The stages are Stage 0 — Regular Construction; Stage 1 — Clean Construction; Stage 2 — Pre Cleanroom Construction; and, finally, Stage 3 — Active Cleanroom. Following are the important steps in each stage.

The regular construction phase is what must contractors are used to, but in the context of a cleanroom special attention should be paid to housekeeping to set the tone for cleanliness. At this stage there are no material restrictions and standard personal protective equipment, such as hard hats, safety glasses and vests, should be used. Take care to protect building materials as well. Construction workers should apply standard good housekeeping practices and complete daily and hourly clean-ups.

All drywall work should be complete if possible before the first stage of actual clean construction. During this phase, conduct daily and hourly cleanup using vacuums and start using a daily cleaning service. There should be no unnecessary trash or debris in cleanroom area and you should use multiple rugs as well as sticky mats to prevent dirt from entering. This is also when you begin to conduct particle counts.

In the second stage, control and limit access to the cleanroom area and establish a smock room/air lock for entry/exit with an air cleaner. Workers must wear booties in the area and use sticky mats on floors. There should be no wood, cardboard, or paper allowed in the area. A HEPA vac is required for all cutting/drilling in the cleanroom and the air systems should be on, but not the FFUs.

The third stage, which is for punching and finishing details, is the most restrictive. It includes all the precautions of Stage Two, plus several additional steps. At this stage, access is limited and workers must be fully smocked, including wearing lab coat or coveralls, hair/beard nets, booties, and gloves, and they must use a designated smock room. In addition to operating the MUA system, recirculation air is continuously cleaning the air.

满足洁净室的所有特定要求确实会增加建造成本，但成本因洁净室的类型而异，最严格、限制最多的洁净室成本最高。平均而言，洁净室的价格范围从 1 级洁净室每平方英尺 $1,000 到 100,000 级洁净室每平方英尺 $200 不等。

不要被洁净室的建造过程吓倒。归根结底，这只是一个施工过程。只要遵循计划和规范，同时遵守每个阶段的指导原则，洁净室建设就能顺利进行，而且问题很少。为了促进这一过程，请记住施工前的准备工作尤为重要，因此要尽早制定详细的时间表，并谨慎管理采购工作。向各方明确传达施工进度，让大家保持一致。因为情况会发生变化，所以要做好应对突发事件的准备，并且要灵活变通。

Constructing cleanrooms is challenging, requiring careful attention to specific details in both design and construction procedure. Using the accepted industry standards and the UM as blueprints, however, will facilitate the successful completion of a cleanroom. Working in partnership with the cleanroom operator on the specific design assures that the resulting room will meet the needs of end users and enable them to achieve a desired ROI from the operating space.